ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ

ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.(ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯞꯔꯣꯄꯤꯂꯤꯟ), ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.(ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯏꯊꯥꯏꯂꯤꯟ), ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.(ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯤꯂꯣꯅꯤꯠꯔꯥꯏꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯥꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯔꯤꯟ ꯀꯣꯄꯣꯂꯤꯃꯔ) ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯕꯔꯁꯦꯇꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯀꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯚꯤꯌꯨ: ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯑꯣꯂꯦꯐꯤꯟ/ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ

ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ "ꯁꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯨꯗꯔ+ꯇꯤ-ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯍꯦꯗ+ꯊ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯦꯟꯗꯔ"ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯐꯤꯒꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯜꯇꯤꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ, ꯚꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯉ꯭ꯀꯦꯖ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯄꯤꯛꯆꯔ

 

ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.

 

ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.

 

ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.

 

ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.

ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ., ꯄꯤ.ꯏ., ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ

ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.(ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯞꯔꯣꯄꯤꯂꯤꯟ) ꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.(ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯏꯊꯥꯏꯂꯤꯟ) ꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.(ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ) ꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯐꯣꯜꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯄꯣꯖꯦꯕꯜ ꯀꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯩꯁꯥ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯨꯐ ꯄꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯔꯇꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯔꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯔꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯒꯥꯖꯦꯖ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯦꯂꯃꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯃꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ: ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯜꯇꯤꯡ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ (~꯱꯶꯵ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ), ꯆꯥꯡꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯜꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ, ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ, ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ, ꯃꯦꯜꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯔꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯚꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ (~200-240 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ), ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ (ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ! ꯗꯤꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯌꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯨꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

The characteristics of the extruder are that the screw L/D (length to diameter ratio) is generally above 25:1, and the compression ratio of the mixed shear section screw should not be too large to prevent overheating. The screw L/D should be large (usually>꯲꯸:꯱), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ (200-230 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ) ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ (180-220 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ) ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ (210-260 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ )

ꯔꯣꯂꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ. ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯄꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯄꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯂꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯣꯔ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯅꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯜꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ:

ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯱.

· ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ: ꯗꯤꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯉꯥꯏ ꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫<0.02% -0.03%.

·ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ./ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.: ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯄꯔ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯌꯔ (ꯍꯣꯠ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯌꯔ) ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯌꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

·ꯚꯦꯛꯌꯨꯝ ꯐꯤꯗꯔ: ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯕꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯄꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯨꯗꯔ ꯍꯣꯄꯔꯗꯥ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯲.

·ꯁꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯨꯗꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯐꯤꯒꯔꯦꯁꯟꯅꯤ꯫

·ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯑꯣ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ: ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ, ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ) ꯈꯜꯂꯨ꯫

·ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ./ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.: ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫

· ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.: ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯣ ꯁꯤꯌꯥꯔ, ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫

·ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ (L/D): ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ 25:1 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 32:1ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ, L/D ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯒꯅꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

·ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔ: ꯃꯦꯜꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯟꯌꯨꯑꯣꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔ꯫

·ꯒꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯄꯝꯄ (ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯦꯜ): ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯃꯦꯜꯇ ꯒꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯇꯣꯂꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

·t-ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯍꯦꯗ (ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯍꯦꯗ):

· ꯍꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯀꯟꯐꯤꯒꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯜꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫

· ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯥꯟꯁꯟ ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯕꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯇꯔꯜ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯅꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯂꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

꯳.ꯁꯦꯞꯄꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ .

· ꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯦꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯁꯦꯄꯤꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ꯫

· ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯜ: ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯄꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯇꯦꯟ ꯕꯤꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ (ꯃꯤꯔꯔ ꯔꯣꯂꯔ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯆꯔ (ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯔꯣꯂꯔ) ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

· ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯣꯂꯔ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ "ꯍꯣꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯜ" ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯁꯔꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ" ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ± 1 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯦꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

·ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.: ꯔꯣꯂꯔ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ 60-100 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯤ)꯫

· ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.: ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯂꯔ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ. 80-110 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯤ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

· ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ: ꯔꯣꯂꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯔꯣꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

꯴.ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ .

· ꯑꯣꯅꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯒꯦꯖ (ꯕꯦꯇꯥ ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯦꯗ): ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯀꯔꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯇꯥꯏꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ (ꯑꯦ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

·ꯑꯦꯗꯖ ꯀꯇꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ: ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯨ꯫

· ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯔ:

· ꯄꯤ.ꯏ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯟ ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ./ꯑꯦ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ/ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

·For thick PP/ABS sheets (such as>2mm), ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯠꯇꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫

꯵.ꯑꯦꯖ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯏꯛꯂꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ .

· ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯖ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯅꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯎꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯠ ꯇꯦꯒꯁ: ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ, ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ